White House officials urged Mr. Bryant not to rush the appointment, according to Republican officials familiar with the conversations.
“This was Gov. Bryant’s choice to make,” said Brad White, Mr. Cochran’s chief of staff and a veteran state operative. “Now it’s up to him to elect her.”
Mr. Bryant is said to favor Ms. Hyde-Smith for reasons relating to both politics and personal affinity, viewing her as a rural populist in his own fashion. He has told allies he believes she would excite voters in a way that a more typical Republican officeholder in Jackson, the state capital, would not, and he views her deep connections in the farming communities as significant political assets.
President Trump and Senator Mitch McConnell of Kentucky, the Republican leader, had urged Mr. Bryant to appoint himself to the seat, specifically invoking the Alabama debacle. But Mr. Bryant had no appetite to go to Washington and neither did Lt. Gov. Tate Reeves, a Republican who is hoping to succeed the governor in next year’s election.
The governor then decided against secretary of state Delbert Hosemann, who is 70 and would not be able to achieve the sort of longevity that Mississippi has come to expect in its senators.
Mr. Bryant was eager to fill the vacancy in part because Mr. McDaniel last week gave up his primary challenge against Senator Roger Wicker, an incumbent Republican up for re-election, to run for Mr. Cochran’s seat.
Mr. McDaniel has made his desire for the appointment clear, but the governor last week responded by saying he would not reward the 45-year-old state senator, who has become a thorn in the side of Mississippi’s Republican establishment.
“This opportunistic behavior is a sad commentary for a young man who once had great potential,” Mr. Bryant said.
On Tuesday, Mr. McDaniel’s supporters lashed back.
“I support Governor Bryant, but I really am puzzled and disappointed that he wouldn’t select Senator McDaniel,” said Mayor Hal Marx of Petal, a Republican.
“He seems to be defying the will and the want of the 184,000 conservative Mississippians who voted for Senator McDaniel four years ago,” added Mr. Marx, who said he saw Mr. McDaniel’s decision to change races as “no more opportunistic” than Ms. Hyde-Smith’s choice in 2010 to switch parties.
There is no primary in the special election. If no candidate garners a majority, the top two overall vote-getters will face off in a runoff later in November. What concerns some Republicans is that Mr. McDaniel’s following on the right could, in a potentially crowded field, earn him a position in the runoff against a Democrat.
And Mr. McDaniel, who has a history of making incendiary comments, would be more at risk of losing than a less-controversial Republican. What makes establishment-aligned Republicans even more nervous is the prospect that former Representative Mike Espy could emerge as the other candidate in the runoff.
Mississippi’s first black congressman since reconstruction, Mr. Espy has deep ties to both Democrats and Republicans in the state.
Still, if Ms. Hyde-Smith’s partisan history could make her vulnerable on the right, it could conceivably appeal to moderate voters and even Democrats.
Ms. Hyde-Smith, a cattle farmer, was first elected to the State Senate in 2000 and rose to become chair of the Agriculture Committee before winning her current office in 2011. But she voted in the 2008 Democratic presidential primary, and Republicans who want to derail Mr. McDaniel worry that he will use that to link her to former President Barack Obama and Hillary Clinton. Mr. Bryant’s decision to appoint her was first reported by the Clarion-Ledger of Mississippi.
What could prove most problematic for Ms. Hyde-Smith is if additional Republicans enter the race, making it easier for Mr. McDaniel to emerge as the party’s top vote-getter in the first balloting. Andy Taggart, a veteran Republican strategist and author on the state’s political history, told the governor Monday that he also may run, according to a Republican familiar with their conversation.
Asked about his plans, Mr. Taggart said: “Out of respect for the governor, I’ll keep his and my conversation in confidence.”
As Republicans circulated Tuesday through the state capitol and at a nearby hotel, where a business group was hosting a luncheon, some expressed concerns about Ms. Hyde-Smith’s chances for victory this year.
“I think the mood is of some apprehension because everybody understands how high the stakes are,” said State Representative Greg Snowden, the second-ranking Republican in the Mississippi House, who repeatedly expressed his support for the governor. “I don’t think anybody is under an illusion that it’s going to be an easy race.”
Mr. Snowden said Democrats sensed an opportunity in the Senate contest.
“They’re going to take it seriously,” he said. “Republicans had better take it seriously too, or we’re going to have a problem.”
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